​***Thank you to VALERIE WHITE of Vista High School, for all her help.  All APAH content and information made  possible from her hard work.  
Also, thank you to Dr. Robert Coad for his guidance and materials.
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​FLASHCARD IMAGES
1. WHITE TEMPLE AND ITS ZIGGURAT, URUK
2. THE STANDARD OF UR
3. SUMERIAN VOTIVE OFFERINGS


4. CODE OF HAMMURABI
5. LAMASSU
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6. THE AUDIENCE/THRONE HALL (APANDANA) AT THE CITADEL AT PERSEPOLIS
7. STELE OF NARAM SIN
8. ISHTAR GATE


​VOCABULARY
1. REGISTER
2. LAPIZ LAZULI
3. HIERARCHY OF SCALE
4. VOTIVE OFFERING
5. BENT AXIS
6. CELLA
7. STELE
8. APADANA
9. COLUMN
10. CAPITAL
11. HYPOSTYLE HALL
12. FACADE
13. APOTROPAIC
14. ZIGGURAT
​15. THEOCRACY


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​KEY PERIODS
       Sumerian Art: 3000-2000 BCE
       Akkadian Art: 2300-2150 BCE
       Neo-Sumerian Art: 2150-2000 BCE
       Babylonian Art: 2000-1750 BCE
       Assyrian Art: 1200-612 BCE
              Battle of Ninevah, 612 BCE (modern day Iraq) Babylon won thus resurrecting their former glory!
       Neo-Babylonian Art: 612- 539 BCE
              Persian King, Cyrus, overthrows Babylon
       Persian Art: 539-330 BCE
              Height of Persia ends at the razing of Persepolis by Alexander the Great
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KEY IDEAS
  • Mudbricks are the main building block from soil deposits left by the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers
  • Conventions of hierarchal 
  • Early images often depict royalty and deities
  • Figures and animals are depicted in profile or in twisted perspective
  • New gods or guardian figures (Composite creatures)
  • Assyrian lion reliefs are some of the first narratives in art history
  • Invention of cuneiform- first wedge-shaped writing
  • Nudity is a sign of debasement (lowering the status or quality)
  • Constant political change and ruling groups
  • The cosmos play a roll in in architecture and rituals

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CHARACTERISTICS OF SCULPTURE
  • S: Size of sculpture increases- shows permanence of cities
  • S: Large scale reliefs within palaces
  • S: Stelai commemorating  the achievements of rulers
  • AK:  Deification of rulers
  • B: Stele of Hammurabi- new set of laws
  • AS: Rulers are portrayed as stoic
  • AS: Cuneiform takes a leap


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​CHARACTERISTICS OF ARCHITECTURE
  • S: Architecture was created for religious purposes
  • B: World Wonder: Hanging Gardens
  • H: Used stone blocks rather than baked mudbricks
  • P: Persepolis

​Inspired by Mesopotamian Seals, Cuneiform, and lapis luzuli, we will be make block prints.  Use the cuneiform alphabet and symbols to write a word on your block.  Carve into the block.  Use bright blue ink when printing to symbolize the lapis luzuli.  We will stack on the prints together, above a door way, to mimic the Ishtar Gate!
​cuneiform.docx
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