​FLASHCARD IMAGES
1. APOLLO 11 STONES

2. GREAT HALL OF THE BULLS

3. CAMELID SACRUM IN THE SHAPE OF A CANINE

4. RUNNING HORNED WOMAN

5. BEAKER WITH IBEX MOTIFS

6. ANTHROPOMORPHIC STELE

7. JADE CONG

8. STONEHENGE

9. THE AMBUM STONE

10. TLATILCO FEMALE FIGURINE

11. TERRA COTTA FRAGMENT
ADDITIONS
12. VENUS OF WILLENDORF

VOCABULARY
1. PALEOLITHIC
2. NEOLITHIC
3. SHAMAN
4. ABSTRACTION
5. HUNTER-GATHERER
6. RITUAL
7. LUNAR/SOLAR (COSMOS)
9. CERAMICS
10. MONOLITHIC
11. ANTHROPOMORPHIC

12. SILHOUETTE

13. CONTOUR LINES

14. BAS RELIEF

15. GEOMETRIC

16. STYLIZED

17. STELE


18. INCISE

19. SUBTRACTIVE/ ADDITIVE SCULPTURE

20. MEGALITH

21. TRILITHON

22. POST AND LINTEL
​23. TWISTED PERSPECTIVE/ COMPOSITE VIEW
24. ART MOBILIER
25. SCULPTURE IN THE ROUND
26. INCISE
27. SCHEMATIC
28. ANIMATION/ANIMISM
29. MORTICE AND TENON
30. HEEL STONE
31. BICEPHALIC
32. DUALITY

NEED TO KNOW DATES...
PALEOLITHIC: 25,000 BCE
NEOLITHIC: 5,000 BCE

Paleolithic Art:          40,000-8,000 BCE in the Near East
"Old Stone Age"         40,000-4,000 BCE in Europe
(Woman of Willendorf, Feline-headed statue, Lascaux Caves, Catal Hoyuk)

• Hunter-Gatherers, Nomadic

Neolithic Art:           8,000- 3,000 BCE in the Near East
"New Stone Age"     4,000- 2,000 BCE in Europe
(Stonehenge)

• Cultivated, raised livestock, organized settlements

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KEY IDEAS

• 75,000 BCE: Stick of ochre (a pigment of the earth, brown/yellow) are engraved in Blombos Cave, South Africa, 61,000 years before the Lascaux caves!
• Earliest works are cave paintings and portable sculptures
• Conjectures are made about the meaning of prehistoric works
• No one single function and the purpose can only be guessed 
• Monuments like Stonehenge show that people were able to build structures made of the post and lintel system.
• The need to create is one of the strongest human impulses.
• Focus on materials indigenous to the environment/geography
• Since context is largely unknown, focus on original location and content

CHARACTERISTICS OF 
PAINTINGS

• Animal figures dominate- usually with a dark outline
• Humans represented as stick figures, negative handprints
• Lascaux Caves, 15,000- 13,000 BCE, France
• Altimira Caves, Spain

​CHARACTERISTICS OF 
ARCHITECTURE

• Shelters out of large animal bones
• Post and lintel systems (most basic type of architecture)
• Stonehenge, possibly

​CHARACTERISTICS OF 
SCULPTURE

• All in-the-round sculpture is portable
• Some human representations have emphasis on certain body parts
• Carvings on cave walls utilize natural formations in the rock 

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MAKE YOUR OWN LASCAUX
Crumple up a brown paper bag to create "rock" texture of the cave walls.  Think about your primal urges...  What "rituals" do you have each day?  What is your daily life focused on?  What do you "worship"?

• STYLE: NATURALISM + ABSTRACTION
• Focus on CONTOURS (edges/outlines)
• Create a TWISTED PERSPECTIVE (composite view) of something
• Use charcoal and crushed ochre colored pastels as your pigments 
• Paint in a darkened room using only (battery powered) candlelight to get to full effect of how the images would have flickered and moved on the walls in dim light!

MAKE YOUR OWN CLAY FIGURINE
Using a small baseball sized amount of clay, make your own "art mobilier."  Artwork of inspiration:  

• Venus of Willendorf 
• Tlatilco Figurines 
• Lapita Terra Cotta Fragments.

Map of the Lascaux Caves, France

Explore the Caves at Lascaux virtually!  http://archeologie.culture.fr/lascaux/fr?lng=en#/en/00.xml
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